Contrast Medium-Induced Encephalopathy After Coronary Angiography- Case Report

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Radiology
• Nephrology

Background:

• Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a rare, reversible neurological complication.
• The exact mechanism of CIE remains unclear, but theories involve blood-brain barrier disruption and contrast agent properties.
• CIE can occur after intravenous or intra-arterial administration of contrast agents.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of contrast-induced encephalopathy following coronary angiography.
• To highlight the diagnostic challenges and clinical presentation of CIE.
• To emphasize the importance of considering CIE in patients with neurological symptoms post-contrast procedures.

Main Methods:

• A case report of a 70-year-old patient with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus is presented.
• The patient underwent coronary angiography with 100ml of Ioversol (Optiray 350™).
• Symptoms, diagnostic imaging (CT, MRI), and conservative treatment (diuretics, hydration) were documented.

Main Results:

• The patient developed headache, behavioral changes, and aggression post-procedure.
• CT showed mild frontal lobe hyper-density; MRI was normal.
• Complete symptom resolution occurred within 72 hours with conservative management.

Conclusions:

• Contrast-induced encephalopathy is a potential complication of contrast media exposure.
• CIE presents a diagnostic challenge and should be considered in relevant clinical contexts.
• Early recognition and conservative management can lead to favorable outcomes in CIE.