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A comparative analysis of cell surface targeting aptamers.

Linsley Kelly1,2, Keith E Maier1,3, Amy Yan1,2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1301 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.

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This study standardized aptamer testing, revealing inconsistencies in cell targeting capabilities. An anti-human transferrin aptamer (Waz) emerged as a promising candidate for prostate cancer therapeutics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Aptamers are crucial ligands for diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • Varied assay formats hinder aptamer function and specificity comparison.
  • Standardized evaluation is needed for aptamer-based drug development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To chemically synthesize and evaluate 15 aptamers targeting cell surface receptors.
  • To assess aptamer binding properties and specificity across diverse cancer cell lines.
  • To identify robust aptamer candidates for targeted cancer therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Standardized binding assays on 11 cancer cell lines.
  • Correlation of aptamer binding with antibody controls.
  • siRNA transfection for target receptor validation.
  • In vivo near-infrared imaging for tumor localization.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant variations in reported aptamer specificity and function.
  • Expressed concerns regarding the cell targeting efficacy of several aptamers.
  • Validated the anti-human transferrin aptamer (Waz) for prostate cancer targeting.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized aptamer assessment is critical for reliable therapeutic development.
  • Waz aptamer shows potential for targeted prostate cancer therapy.
  • Further research is warranted to optimize aptamer-based drug delivery systems.