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Published on: July 10, 2018
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Predictive Feedback, Early Sensory Representations, and Fast Responses to Predicted Stimuli Depend on NMDA Receptors
Sounak Mohanta1, Mohsen Afrasiabi1, Cameron P Casey2
1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706.
Summary
This study reveals that the frontal lobe generates predictions using alpha activity and feedback, which are disrupted by ketamine. These predictive mechanisms are crucial for efficient behavior and rely on NMDARs.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Science
- Computational Psychiatry
Background:
- Learned associations enable predictions for efficient behavior.
- Neural mechanisms underlying prediction generation remain unclear.
- Perturbed predictions are linked to psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the circuit and receptor-level mechanisms of prediction.
- Examine the role of frontal alpha activity and beta feedback in predictions.
- Determine the effect of ketamine on predictive processing.
Main Methods:
- High-density electroencephalography (EEG).
- Bayesian modeling and machine learning.
- Audiovisual delayed match-to-sample task.
Main Results:
- Frontal alpha activity causally predicts reaction times, reflecting prediction.
- Predictive beta (β) feedback pre-activates sensory representations.
- Ketamine, an NMDAR blocker, disrupts behavioral predictions and neural feedback mechanisms.
Conclusions:
- Predictions depend on frontal alpha activity, beta feedback, and NMDARs.
- Ketamine impairs access to learned predictive information.
- Frontal lobe predictions involve feedback pre-activation of sensory templates via NMDARs.
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