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Routine laboratory parameters predict serious outcome as well as length of hospital stay in COVID-19

Mohammed A Jeraiby1, Majed I Hakamy1, Mohammed B Albarqi1

  • 1From the Department of Medical Biochemistry (Jeraiby, Iqbal), Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, from the Department of Pulmonology (Hakamy, Albarqi, Areda); and from the Department of Laboratory Medicine (Haddad), King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Medical Journal
|November 4, 2021
PubMed

Insights

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a better predictor of serious outcomes in COVID-19 patients than red cell distribution width (RDW) and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR). CRP also positively correlates with length of hospital stay (LOS), while mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) shows a negative association.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Laboratory Hematology

Background:

  • Hospitalized coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients face risks of serious outcomes and prolonged hospital stays.
  • Biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), red cell distribution width (RDW), and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are routinely measured and may indicate disease severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the predictive capabilities of CRP, RDW, and NLR for serious outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
  • To assess the association of these laboratory markers with the length of hospital stay (LOS) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study involving 74 adult COVID-19 patients.
  • Logistic regression and receiver operating curve analysis were used to evaluate risk factors for serious outcomes.
  • Multiple regression analysis determined the association between routine laboratory analytes and LOS.

Main Results:

  • Higher levels of CRP, white blood cells, and neutrophils were observed in patients with serious outcomes.
  • CRP and RDW demonstrated significant predictive value for serious outcomes in both unadjusted and adjusted models.
  • CRP showed a positive association with LOS, while mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) exhibited a negative association.

Conclusions:

  • C-reactive protein (CRP) is a more effective predictor of serious outcomes in COVID-19 patients compared to RDW and NLR.
  • CRP levels are positively correlated with the length of hospital stay, indicating a potential link to disease duration.
  • Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) is negatively associated with LOS, suggesting a possible protective role or different disease trajectory.
Abstract

Keywords:
C-reactive proteinCOVID-19Coronavirusmean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrationneutrophil-lymphocyte-ratiored cell distribution width

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