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[Busulfan-induced pneumopathy].

F Massin, A Fur, O Reybet-Degat

    Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Busulfan, a leukemia treatment, can cause interstitial fibrosing lung disease. This review details 56 published cases of this serious side effect, highlighting its poor prognosis.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonology
    • Oncology
    • Pharmacology

    Context:

    • Busulfan (Busulphan) is a primary treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia.
    • Interstitial fibrosing lung disease (IFLD) is a known, albeit rare, complication of Busulfan therapy.
    • This review synthesizes 56 published cases of Busulfan-induced IFLD.

    Purpose:

    • To review the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and prognosis of Busulfan-induced interstitial fibrosing lung disease.
    • To highlight the challenges in understanding the pathogenesis and early detection of this condition.

    Summary:

    • Busulfan-induced IFLD presents insidiously with dyspnea and cough, often after prolonged treatment (average 41 months, 2900 mg cumulative dose).
    • Clinical features include skin pigmentation, reduced lung volumes, hypoxemia, and hypocapnic respiratory failure.

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  • Radiology shows interstitial basal shadows; histology confirms fibrosis. Prognosis is poor, with an 84% mortality rate due to respiratory failure.

    • Impact:

    • This review underscores the significant morbidity and mortality associated with Busulfan-induced IFLD.
    • It emphasizes the need for improved diagnostic strategies and a better understanding of pathogenesis for early detection and intervention.