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Published on: February 8, 2018
Assessment of PD-L1 expression in patients with neuroblastoma and renal tumors
Seher Şener1, Aylar Poyraz2, Arzu Okur1
1Departments of Pediatric Oncology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Background:
Programmed death 1 (PD-1) is a co-receptor which is located at the surface of cells like natural killer, monocytes, T and B cells. It has two ligands including programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and ligand-2 (PD-L2). T cell functions are inhibited by activation of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and this pathway is used by viruses and some tumor cells in order to escape from immune eradication. In our study we evaluated PD-L1 expression in the tissue specimens of patients with Wilms tumor, neuroblastoma and other renal tumors.
Methods:
Totally 60 patients who were followed up at Gazi University Hospital with the diagnosis of neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor and other renal tumors were included. PD-L1 expression was examined in tumor samples of the patients.
Results:
Positive staining with PD-L1 was detected only in two male patients. Both of them had neuroblastoma and advanced stage disease. None of the patients with Wilms tumor and other renal tumors had positive PD-L1 staining.
Conclusions:
Unlike adult tumors, PD-L1 expression is not common in childhood tumors due to differences in immune system between children and adults. Further studies are needed to establish the importance and effects of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in pediatric tumors.
Insights
Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) was not found in pediatric Wilms tumor or other renal tumors. PD-L1 expression was detected in two advanced stage neuroblastoma cases, suggesting a role in specific pediatric cancers.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Programmed death 1 (PD-1) is a co-receptor on immune cells that inhibits T cell function when bound by its ligands, programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2.
- Tumor cells and viruses exploit the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to evade immune surveillance.
- PD-L1 expression is evaluated in pediatric renal tumors and neuroblastoma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression of PD-L1 in tissue specimens from pediatric patients diagnosed with Wilms tumor, neuroblastoma, and other renal tumors.
- To determine the prevalence and potential significance of PD-L1 in these specific pediatric malignancies.
Main Methods:
- Sixty patients diagnosed with neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, or other renal tumors were included in the study.
- Tumor tissue samples from these patients were analyzed for PD-L1 expression.
Main Results:
- PD-L1 expression was detected in only two male patients, both diagnosed with advanced stage neuroblastoma.
- No PD-L1 staining was observed in patients with Wilms tumor or other types of renal tumors.
Conclusions:
- PD-L1 expression appears uncommon in pediatric Wilms tumors and other renal tumors.
- The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway may play a role in advanced stage neuroblastoma, warranting further investigation.
- Differences in immune system maturity between children and adults may contribute to the lower prevalence of PD-L1 in pediatric tumors compared to adult tumors.
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