Thyroid cancer under the scope of emerging technologies

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Genetics
• Bioinformatics

Background:

• Most thyroid cancers originate from follicular cells.
• Current understanding of thyroid cancer progression and heterogeneity presents challenges in patient care.
• There is a need for advanced technologies to address issues from prevention to follow-up.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline current challenges in thyroid cancer patient care.
• To highlight how emerging technologies can address these challenges.
• To project the future technological landscape in thyroid cancer research.

Main Methods:

• Genomic analysis to understand tumor evolutionary history and driving alterations.
• Transcriptomic analysis for cellular and spatial resolution of intra-tumor heterogeneity and microenvironment.
• Artificial intelligence for objective morphological analysis and classification system development.

Main Results:

• Genomics will elucidate the origins and progression of thyroid cancers.
• Transcriptomics will provide detailed insights into tumor heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment.
• AI will enable quantitative morphological analysis and integrate molecular and morphological data.

Conclusions:

• Genomics, transcriptomics, and AI are poised to significantly advance thyroid cancer research and patient care.
• These technologies will offer deeper insights into thyroid cancer origins, heterogeneity, and progression.
• AI will facilitate a systematic classification system and unified understanding of thyroid cancer.