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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 14, 2025

Author Spotlight: Development of Simplified CRISPR-Based Tests for Rapid Detection of Infectious Diseases
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Author Spotlight: Development of Simplified CRISPR-Based Tests for Rapid Detection of Infectious Diseases

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CRISPR/Cas-powered nanobiosensors for diagnostics.

Quynh Anh Phan1, Linh B Truong2, David Medina-Cruz2

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|November 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary

CRISPR diagnostics are enhanced by using metal nanoparticles as reporters, improving stability and sensitivity for detecting diseases. This nanotechnology offers accurate, point-of-care diagnostics without needing target amplification.

Keywords:
BiosensorsCRISPR/Cas diagnosticsNanoparticlesPoint-of-care testing

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • CRISPR diagnostics (CRISPR-Dx) leverage CRISPR/Cas systems' trans-cleavage activity for enhanced biosensing.
  • Current CRISPR-Dx face limitations in stability and sensitivity due to single-stranded DNA/RNA reporters, hindering complex environment applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in CRISPR-powered nanotechnological biosensors.
  • To highlight the integration of CRISPR/Cas effectors with metal nanoparticles for novel biosensing strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the trans-cleavage activity of CRISPR/Cas systems on metal nanoparticles.
  • Developing nanobiosensors for detecting targets like viral infections, genetic mutations, and tumor biomarkers.
  • Employing various signal readout methods including fluorescence, luminescence, colorimetric, and electrochemical detection.

Main Results:

  • Nanomaterials, particularly metal nanoparticles, offer superior stability and optical/electrocatalytic properties as reporter molecules.
  • CRISPR-Cas and nanomaterial integration leads to nanobiosensors with high accuracy, sensitivity, selectivity, and versatility.
  • These nanobiosensors show potential for point-of-care diagnostics without target amplification.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-powered nanotechnological biosensors represent a significant advancement in diagnostic capabilities.
  • They offer a promising platform for next-generation diagnostics, particularly for point-of-care applications.
  • The enhanced stability and sensitivity pave the way for detecting a wide range of targets efficiently.