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Updated: Oct 14, 2025

Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
Published on: June 8, 2015
A copula model integrating atmospheric moisture demand and supply for vegetation vulnerability mapping
Jeongeun Won1, Jiyu Seo1, Sangdan Kim2
1Division of Earth Environmental System Science (Major in Environmental Engineering), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
Vegetation is vulnerable to drought, especially when moisture demand is high or precipitation is low. A new index, nVTCI, better monitors vegetation drought in Far East Asia.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Remote Sensing
- Climatology
Background:
- Meteorological drought significantly impacts vegetation health and productivity.
- Understanding vegetation drought vulnerability requires analyzing joint probability distributions of drought factors.
- Existing methods may not fully capture the complex interactions between drought and vegetation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a copula-based trivariate joint probability model for assessing vegetation drought.
- To investigate the effects of atmospheric moisture supply and demand on vegetation drought.
- To map vegetation drought vulnerability at high spatial resolution using remote sensing data.
Main Methods:
- Developed a copula-based trivariate joint probability model.
- Divided meteorological drought risk into atmospheric moisture supply and demand.
- Utilized high-resolution remote sensing data for vulnerability mapping.
- Compared the proposed Normalized Vegetation Temperature Condition Index (nVTCI) with the existing Vegetation Temperature Condition Index (VTCI).
Main Results:
- Vegetation response to drought stressors varied significantly across regions.
- Vegetation exhibited higher vulnerability to drought caused by atmospheric moisture demand in most of Far East Asia.
- Simultaneous drought conditions (low precipitation and high evapotranspiration) severely impacted vegetation.
- The proposed nVTCI demonstrated a more rational monitoring capability for vegetation drought in Far East Asia compared to VTCI.
Conclusions:
- Meteorological drought aspects differentially affect vegetation, with moisture demand being a critical factor in Far East Asia.
- Combined drought stressors pose a significantly higher risk to vegetation.
- The nVTCI is a more effective tool for monitoring vegetation drought in the Far East Asian region.
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