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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
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Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
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Updated: Oct 14, 2025

Microsatellite DNA Genotyping and Flow Cytometry Ploidy Analyses of Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Hydatidiform Molar Tissues
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Hyperthyroidism secondary to a hydatidiform mole.

Barbara Grzechocinska1, Malgorzata Gajewska2, Maciej Kedzierski1

  • 11st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.

Ginekologia Polska
|November 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Hyperthyroidism can be caused by a hydatidiform mole due to hCG production. Managing thyroid hormone levels before mole removal is crucial for patient safety.

Keywords:
gestational trophoblastic diseasehCGhydatidiform molehyperthyroidism

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Gynecology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Gestational trophoblastic disease, such as hydatidiform mole, can lead to hormonal imbalances.
  • Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by the trophoblast shares structural similarities with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).

Observation:

  • A 47-year-old female patient presented with hyperthyroidism secondary to a hydatidiform mole.
  • The patient required pharmacological preparation to stabilize thyroid hormone levels before surgical intervention.

Findings:

  • The weight of the trophoblast correlates with hCG production, influencing thyroid activity.
  • Surgical removal of the hydatidiform mole led to a progressive normalization of thyroid hormone levels.

Implications:

  • Gestational trophoblastic disease necessitates careful management of associated hyperthyroidism to prevent thyroid storm.
  • Pre-procedure stabilization of thyroid function is essential for patients with hydatidiform mole-induced hyperthyroidism.