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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Irradiation of a spin-active nucleus causes an increase or decrease in the signal intensity of neighboring nuclei that are not necessarily chemically bonded or involved in J-coupling.  This phenomenon, called the Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE), results from through-space interactions between the nuclear spins. The NOE effect decreases with increasing internuclear distance and is generally not observed beyond 4 angstroms. In NOE, dipole-dipole interactions between neighboring...
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
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Relayed nuclear Overhauser effect weighted (rNOEw) imaging identifies multiple sclerosis.

Jianpan Huang1, Jiadi Xu2, Joseph H C Lai1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|November 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Relayed nuclear Overhauser effect weighted (rNOEw) imaging shows lower brain contrast in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients compared to controls and NMOSD patients. This novel MRI technique may help differentiate MS from NMOSD.

Keywords:
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Multiple sclerosis (MS)MyelinNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD)Relayed nuclear Overhauser effect (rNOE)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Radiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune CNS disease causing demyelination and axonal injury.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for MS diagnosis, with various techniques used.
  • Differentiating MS from similar conditions like neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is clinically important.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of relayed nuclear Overhauser effect weighted (rNOEw) imaging for MS diagnosis.
  • To compare rNOEw imaging findings in MS patients, NMOSD patients, and normal controls.
  • To assess the potential of rNOEw imaging to distinguish MS from NMOSD.

Main Methods:

  • Applied whole-brain rNOEw imaging at 3T in 21 MS patients, 14 NMOSD patients, and 20 normal controls.
  • Acquired control and labeled images within four minutes for each subject.
  • Analyzed brain rNOEw contrast differences across the groups and in specific brain regions.

Main Results:

  • Significantly lower brain rNOEw contrast was observed in MS patients compared to both normal controls (P=0.008) and NMOSD patients (P=0.014).
  • No significant difference in rNOEw contrast was found between normal controls and NMOSD patients (P=0.939).
  • MS lesions exhibited higher numbers, larger sizes, and lower rNOEw contrast than NMOSD lesions (P=0.002).

Conclusions:

  • rNOEw imaging demonstrates potential as a novel tool to aid in the diagnosis of MS.
  • The technique shows promise in differentiating MS from NMOSD based on distinct brain contrast patterns.
  • This imaging method could improve diagnostic accuracy and patient stratification in CNS inflammatory diseases.