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Insular cortex neurons encode and retrieve specific immune responses.

Tamar Koren1, Re'ee Yifa1, Mariam Amer1

  • 1Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.

Cell
|November 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The brain

Keywords:
engraminflammationinsular cortexmemoryneuronspsychosomatic

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Neuroimmunology

Background:

  • The brain regulates peripheral immunity, but its representation of immune states is unknown.
  • Understanding brain-immune interactions is crucial for treating inflammatory diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the brain stores immune-related information.
  • To identify brain regions involved in immune system representation.
  • To explore the retrieval of immune states through neuronal activity.

Main Methods:

  • Used FosTRAP (activity-dependent cell labeling) in mice.
  • Captured neuronal ensembles in the insular cortex during inflammation (DSS colitis, zymosan peritonitis).
  • Utilized chemogenetics to reactivate specific neuronal ensembles.

Main Results:

  • The insular cortex (InsCtx) was identified as a key brain region storing immune information.
  • Reactivation of InsCtx neuronal ensembles successfully retrieved specific inflammatory states.
  • Demonstrated that neuronal ensembles encode distinct inflammatory conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The brain, specifically the insular cortex, stores information about peripheral immune states.
  • Neuronal ensembles can represent and retrieve specific immune responses.
  • This extends the concept of immunological memory to neuronal representations of inflammation.