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3D printed enzymatic microchip for multiplexed electrochemical biosensing.

Eleni Koukouviti1, Christos Kokkinos1

  • 1Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 157 71, Greece.

Analytica Chimica Acta
|November 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel, low-cost 3D-printed biochip for rapid, simultaneous detection of cardiac biomarkers like cholesterol and choline at the point-of-care (POC). This 3D-printed biosensor offers a sensitive and interference-free solution for on-demand diagnostics.

Keywords:
3D-printingBiosensorEnzymeMultisensory

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Developing specialized multianalyte biosensors for point-of-care (POC) settings presents significant fabrication challenges, particularly for low-cost, on-demand devices.
  • Traditional biosensor fabrication methods often lack the flexibility and speed required for immediate bioanalytical needs in POC environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a novel, miniature, all-3D-printed 4-electrode biochip for simultaneous multianalyte determination.
  • To enable rapid, on-demand fabrication of customized biosensors for point-of-care applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a miniature all-3D-printed 4-electrode biochip using a single-step 3D printing process.
  • Integration of the biochip with a portable potentiostat for simultaneous electrochemical measurements.
  • Amperometric determination of cholesterol and choline using enzymatic assays on the integrated electrodes.

Main Results:

  • The 3D-printed biochip successfully enabled simultaneous amperometric determination of cholesterol and choline in a single blood droplet.
  • The assay demonstrated no cross-talk or interference between the two biomarkers.
  • Achieved limits of detection significantly lower than clinical cut-off levels for coronary syndromes.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 3D-printed biochip is a low-cost, sensitive, and easily fabricated device for point-of-care diagnostics.
  • This technology offers a versatile platform for on-demand, multi-biomarker detection with broad applicability to other enzymatic bioassays.