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Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
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Word Order Variation is Partially Constrained by Syntactic Complexity.

Yingqi Jing1,2,3, Paul Widmer1,2, Balthasar Bickel1,2

  • 1Department of Comparative Language Science, University of Zurich.

Cognitive Science
|November 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Syntactic complexity influences word order, but not universally across all sentence structures. Findings challenge general theories, suggesting complexity effects are specific to certain dependencies.

Keywords:
Dependency lengthDependency treebanksDistributional regression modelHeaviness serialization principleWord order variation

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Computational Linguistics
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Previous research indicates longer syntactic dependents are placed further from head words.
  • Theories of sentence processing offer competing predictions on the placement of longer expressions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test competing theories of sentence processing regarding word order and complexity.
  • To investigate how expression length affects word order and variation across different dependency types and clause types.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized hierarchical distributional regression models.
  • Analyzed corpora from 71 languages, examining individual dependencies.
  • Controlled for dependency type, clause type, and linguistic/areal trends.

Main Results:

  • Correlations between length, position, and variation were found only for obliques and nominal modifiers.
  • No significant difference in placement or variation was observed between main and subordinate clauses.
  • Results challenge the universality of complexity effects on word order.

Conclusions:

  • The impact of syntactic complexity on word order and variation is not uniform across all linguistic structures.
  • Theoretical models need to account for structure-specific effects of complexity on linearization.
  • Future research should focus on dependency-specific explanations for word order patterns.