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Detectable Gravitational Wave Signals from Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis
Graham White1, Lauren Pearce2, Daniel Vagie3
1Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan.
Abstract:
In Affleck-Dine baryogenesis, the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe is generated through the evolution of the vacuum expectation value of a scalar condensate. This scalar condensate generically fragments into nontopological solitons (Q balls). If they are sufficiently long-lived, they lead to an early matter domination epoch, which enhances the primordial gravitational wave signal for modes that enter the horizon during this epoch. The sudden decay of the Q balls results in a rapid transition from matter to radiation domination, producing a sharp peak in the gravitational wave power spectrum. Avoiding the gravitino over-abundance problem favors scenarios where the peak frequency of the resonance is within the range of the Einstein telescope and/or DECIGO. This observable signal provides a mechanism to test Affleck-Dine baryogenesis.
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