Energy Efficient Routing Protocol in Sensor Networks Using Genetic Algorithm

Area of Science:

• Computer Science
• Wireless Sensor Networks
• Network Routing Protocols

Background:

• Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) require efficient routing protocols to manage energy consumption and ensure reliable data delivery.
• Existing routing protocols often face challenges in optimizing performance metrics like packet delivery ratio, throughput, and energy efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel routing protocol, the genetic algorithm (GA)-based Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector routing protocol (GA-AOMDV), for WSNs.
• To enhance network lifetime and data communication efficiency through energy-aware route optimization.

Main Methods:

• Development of the GA-AOMDV protocol, incorporating a genetic algorithm (GA) for route selection.
• Utilization of a fitness function within the GA to prioritize routes with lower node energy consumption.
• Comparative analysis of GA-AOMDV against established protocols such as LEACH-GA, GA-AODV, AODV, DSR, EPAR, and EBAR_BFS.

Main Results:

• The GA-AOMDV protocol demonstrated superior performance across key network metrics.
• Significant improvements were observed in packet delivery ratio, throughput, and round trip time compared to existing protocols.
• The protocol achieved an average performance gain of 7% to 22% over the compared algorithms.

Conclusions:

• The GA-AOMDV protocol effectively extends the operational lifetime of wireless sensor networks.
• Energy-efficient route optimization using genetic algorithms presents a viable strategy for enhancing WSN performance.
• GA-AOMDV offers a promising solution for reliable and efficient data communication in sensor networks.