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PCR

PCR

Next-generation Sequencing

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
Challenges of the Maxam-Gilbert Method
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Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Pyrosequencing: A Simple Method for Accurate Genotyping

Pyrosequencing: A Simple Method for Accurate Genotyping

Published on: January 8, 2008

Pyrosequencing Primer Design for Forensic Biology Applications.

Kelly M Elkins¹

¹TU Human Remains Identification Laboratory (THRIL), Chemistry Department, Forensic Science Program, Towson University, Towson, MD, USA. kmelkins@towson.edu.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|November 13, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study details designing pyrosequencing primers for forensic biology. This next-generation sequencing method analyzes tissue-specific differentially methylated regions to detect and differentiate body fluids.

Keywords:

Body fluid analysis Methylated DNA Molecular biology Next-generation sequencing (NGS)Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)Primer Pyrosequencing Sequencing by synthesis (SBS)

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Last Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Pyrosequencing: A Simple Method for Accurate Genotyping

Pyrosequencing: A Simple Method for Accurate Genotyping

Published on: January 8, 2008

Pyrosequencing for Microbial Identification and Characterization

Pyrosequencing for Microbial Identification and Characterization

Published on: August 22, 2013

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

Published on: January 25, 2019

Area of Science:

Forensic Biology
Molecular Biology
Genomics

Background:

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies DNA for various applications.
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers advanced DNA analysis for human identification and body fluid detection.
Current body fluid identification methods include color tests, microscopy, and immunochromatographic assays.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the process of designing pyrosequencing primers.
To enable forensic biology applications using pyrosequencing.
To advance the detection and differentiation of body fluids.

Main Methods:

Utilizing pyrosequencing, an NGS approach.
Analyzing tissue-specific differentially methylated regions (tDMRs).
Designing specific primers for pyrosequencing assays.

Main Results:

Pyrosequencing assays can detect single or mixed body fluids.
The method relies on analyzing tDMRs for identification.
Primer design is crucial for successful pyrosequencing analysis in forensics.

Conclusions:

Pyrosequencing provides a powerful tool for body fluid analysis in forensic biology.
The described primer design process facilitates accurate identification and differentiation of body fluids.
This approach enhances forensic capabilities for human identification and evidence analysis.