Multidimensional factors affecting homebound older adults: A systematic review

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Public Health
• Nursing

Background:

• Homebound status in older adults is a growing concern with significant health implications.
• Identifying factors contributing to homebound status is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically identify the multidimensional factors affecting homebound older adults.
• To synthesize existing research on individual and structural determinants of homebound status.

Main Methods:

• A systematic review was conducted, searching multiple databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO) up to November 2020.
• Studies were assessed for quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist.
• The review adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Main Results:

• Nineteen studies (cross-sectional and longitudinal) met the inclusion criteria.
• Personal factors include demographic, biological, psychological, functional, and health-related aspects.
• Structural factors encompass architectural, environmental, community, and social elements.
• Prevalence of homebound status ranged from 3.5% to 39.8% based on varying definitions.

Conclusions:

• Homebound status results from the interplay between individual and structural factors.
• Cultural, political, and economic contexts influence homebound status globally.
• Multidisciplinary approaches are recommended for comprehensive assessment and intervention by nurses.