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Clostridium difficile colitis induced by cytarabine.

P I Roda1

  • 1Oncology and Hematology, Hazleton, Pennsylvania 18201.

American Journal of Clinical Oncology
|October 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Pseudomembranous enterocolitis (PMC), a severe gastrointestinal condition, is typically linked to antibiotics. This report details a rare case of PMC triggered by cytarabine, a chemotherapy agent.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Pseudomembranous enterocolitis (PMC) is a significant clinical syndrome characterized by nausea, abdominal distention, and severe diarrhea, often bloody.
  • Historically, PMC has been strongly associated with the use of antimicrobial agents, particularly clindamycin.
  • The spectrum of causative agents for PMC has broadened over time to include nearly all classes of antibiotics.

Observation:

  • This report presents a case of a patient who developed typical symptoms of pseudomembranous enterocolitis.
  • The patient's condition was observed to be a direct result of receiving cytarabine therapy.
  • Cytarabine, an antineoplastic agent, is not typically recognized as a predisposing factor for PMC.

Findings:

  • The administration of cytarabine induced the development of pseudomembranous enterocolitis in the reported patient.

Related Experiment Videos

  • This case expands the known iatrogenic causes of PMC beyond conventional antimicrobial drugs.
  • The findings highlight a potential, albeit rare, gastrointestinal complication associated with cytarabine treatment.

    • Implications:

    • Clinicians should consider cytarabine as a potential trigger for pseudomembranous enterocolitis in patients presenting with relevant symptoms.
    • This observation may prompt further investigation into the mechanisms by which chemotherapy agents can induce intestinal inflammation.
    • Awareness of this association is crucial for timely diagnosis and management of PMC in patients undergoing cytarabine therapy.