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Phases and homogeneous ordered states in alignment-based self-propelled particle models.

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This study explores self-propelled particle models with alignment dynamics. Repulsive interactions lead to similar collective motion phases, while their absence reveals distinct behaviors, especially at high coupling strengths.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Complex Systems
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Self-propelled particles (SPPs) exhibit collective motion through local interactions.
  • Alignment dynamics are crucial for emergent behaviors in many biological and artificial systems.
  • Understanding phase transitions and states in SPP models is key to predicting macroscopic phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically explore the phase space of alignment-based SPP models.
  • To compare models with and without repulsive interactions.
  • To characterize and identify novel regimes of collective motion.

Main Methods:

  • Simulation of SPP models across a range of coupling strength and Peclet numbers.
  • Analysis of phase diagrams, polarization, and clustering.
  • Computation of velocity/density correlations, giant number fluctuations, and local order-density coupling.

Main Results:

  • Phase diagrams with repulsion show similar regions; without repulsion, they diverge at high coupling.
  • Identified and characterized previously unknown regimes of collective motion.
  • Observed deviations from theoretical predictions in homogeneous polarized states, attributed to inhomogeneities or finite-size effects.

Conclusions:

  • Repulsive interactions homogenize phase behavior in alignment-based SPP models.
  • Deviations from theory highlight the importance of model-specific features and finite-size effects.
  • Provides a comprehensive overview of phases and states in these complex systems.