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Systemic inflammatory syndrome in children during COVID-19 pandemic in Ceará state, northeastern Brazil: an

Luís Arthur Brasil Gadelha Farias1, Magda Moura de Almeida2,3, Pâmela Maria Costa Linhares2

  • 1Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.

Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical
|November 17, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome occurred in children after SARS-CoV-2 infection in Brazil. Symptoms included rash, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal issues, necessitating early surveillance and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been linked to various post-infection complications in children.
  • Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) is a serious condition that can arise after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the occurrence and clinical characteristics of multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children following SARS-CoV-2 infection in Northeast Brazil.
  • To highlight the need for increased awareness and prompt management of MIS-C.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series analysis of 64 children diagnosed with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome.
  • Review of clinical symptoms, signs, and laboratory findings in affected children.

Main Results:

  • Sixty-four children with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection presented with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome, with 2 deaths.
  • Common symptoms included exanthema (60.9%), abdominal pain (56.3%), nausea/vomiting (46.9%), diarrhea (37.5%), and dyspnea (37.5%).
  • Elevated inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, ferritin, D-dimer) and organ-specific enzymes (LDH, AST, ALT) were frequently observed.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical presentation of MIS-C in this cohort shares similarities with Kawasaki disease but is a distinct entity.
  • Proactive surveillance and early treatment are crucial for managing pediatric multisystemic inflammatory syndrome post-SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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