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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Preparation of Silicon Nanowire Field-effect Transistor for Chemical and Biosensing Applications
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Transistor-Based Biomolecule Sensors: Recent Technological Advancements and Future Prospects.

Natchimuthu Karuppusamy Murugasenapathi1,2, Rituparna Ghosh3, Santheraleka Ramanathan4

  • 1Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division (EEC), CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
|November 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

High-performance transistor sensors offer sensitive and reliable detection of clinical biomarkers for point-of-care diagnostics. This review highlights advancements in nanomaterial integration and fabrication for enhanced biomolecule sensing capabilities.

Keywords:
Biomoleculefield-effectminiaturizationnanostructuresorganicsensortransistor

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Transistor-based sensors are recognized for high sensitivity and reliability in point-of-care diagnostics.
  • Various transistor configurations have been developed for detecting a wide range of clinical biomarkers.
  • The field-effect sensitivity of transistors enables high sensitivity for biomolecule detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current achievements and technological advancements in high-performance transistor-based sensors.
  • To discuss transistors integrated with functional nanomaterials and organic elements for enhanced selectivity and sensitivity.
  • To explore technological advancements in micro/nanodevice fabrication and sensing element functionalization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on transistor-based biosensors.
  • Analysis of technological advancements in materials science and device fabrication.
  • Discussion of functionalization strategies for sensing elements.

Main Results:

  • Transistors integrated with functional nanomaterials and organic elements show excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
  • Technological advancements in micro/nanodevice fabrication and functionalization have been discussed.
  • The review identifies a technological gap and scope for future research in transistor platforms.

Conclusions:

  • High-performance transistor sensors are crucial for advanced biomolecule detection and diagnostics.
  • Further research in fabrication and functionalization will enhance sensor capabilities.
  • Future perspectives focus on overcoming technological gaps for broader clinical applications.