Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Amino Acid Biosynthetic Pathways01:29

Amino Acid Biosynthetic Pathways

317
Amino acid biosynthesis is essential for cell growth, protein synthesis, and metabolic regulation. Cells generate essential and non-essential amino acids from metabolic intermediates to sustain vital biological functions. These intermediates originate from key metabolic pathways: glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway. Important precursors include α-ketoglutarate, pyruvate, oxaloacetate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and erythrose-4-phosphate, which...
317
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

6.9K
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
6.9K
Respiration Pathways01:26

Respiration Pathways

291
Cellular respiration is a fundamental metabolic process that enables organisms to generate energy from organic molecules. One of its central pathways is the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, which plays a crucial role in energy production and biosynthetic processes.Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoAThe pyruvate generated from glycolysis undergoes oxidative decarboxylation by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, producing acetyl-CoA, one molecule of NADH, and one...
291
Radical Reactivity: Overview01:11

Radical Reactivity: Overview

2.2K
Radicals, the highly reactive species, gain stability by undergoing three different reactions. The first reaction involves a radical-radical coupling, in which a radical combines with another radical, forming a spin‐paired molecule. The second reaction is between a radical and a spin‐paired molecule, generating a new radical and a new spin‐paired molecule. The third reaction is radical decomposition in a unimolecular reaction, forming a new radical and a spin‐paired...
2.2K
ER Retrieval Pathway01:45

ER Retrieval Pathway

4.0K
In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
4.0K
C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

46.7K
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
46.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prediction of hydraulic support pressure in a coal longwall face by integrating multi-head attention and temporal feature learning.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Brown spider venom phospholipase D as a tool to modulate melanoma cell biology.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Metabolomic Signatures of Relapse and Survival in AML Patients Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Hematology reports·2026
Same author

The Potential of Digital Twins for Pediatric Rare Diseases.

CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology·2026
Same author

The 2025 Westlake Autumn Symposium for Al Proteomics and Virtual Cell.

Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics·2026
Same author

Modulation of skin inflammation by a recombinant Brown spider venom phospholipase D: In silico and in vitro approaches.

Advances in biological regulation·2026
Same journal

Correction to 'New origin firing is inhibited by APC/CCdh1 activation in S-phase after severe replication stress'.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

VeloRM: disentangling pre- and post-splicing RNA modification dynamics at single-cell resolution.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Accessibility of telomeric overhangs to stabilizing small-molecule ligands.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Multivalent interactions mediate SNAIL transcription factor stimulation of the nucleosome deacetylase activity of the CoREST complex.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Genome-wide mapping of DNA G-quadruplexes in Trypanosoma brucei chromatin reveals enrichment in coding regions and transcription start sites.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Correction to 'The Gene Ontology knowledgebase in 2026'.

Nucleic acids research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization
03:08

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization

Published on: October 3, 2025

71

The reactome pathway knowledgebase 2022.

Marc Gillespie1,2, Bijay Jassal1, Ralf Stephan1

  • 1Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada.

Nucleic Acids Research
|November 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Reactome Knowledgebase offers detailed human biological pathways for research. It aids in understanding diseases and analyzing complex biological data, including host responses to infections.

More Related Videos

A Web Tool for Generating High Quality Machine-readable Biological Pathways
08:01

A Web Tool for Generating High Quality Machine-readable Biological Pathways

Published on: February 8, 2017

17.9K
A Knowledge Graph Approach to Elucidate the Role of Organellar Pathways in Disease via Biomedical Reports
07:35

A Knowledge Graph Approach to Elucidate the Role of Organellar Pathways in Disease via Biomedical Reports

Published on: October 13, 2023

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization
03:08

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization

Published on: October 3, 2025

71
A Web Tool for Generating High Quality Machine-readable Biological Pathways
08:01

A Web Tool for Generating High Quality Machine-readable Biological Pathways

Published on: February 8, 2017

17.9K
A Knowledge Graph Approach to Elucidate the Role of Organellar Pathways in Disease via Biomedical Reports
07:35

A Knowledge Graph Approach to Elucidate the Role of Organellar Pathways in Disease via Biomedical Reports

Published on: October 13, 2023

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • The Reactome Knowledgebase is a curated resource detailing human biological processes.
  • It models molecular transformations in a consistent data structure.
  • This resource aids in understanding both normal physiology and disease pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present recent updates and expanded annotations within the Reactome Knowledgebase.
  • To highlight new tools for analyzing high-throughput biological data.
  • To improve the contextualization of understudied proteins within biological pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Manual curation of molecular details for human biological processes.
  • Annotation of signaling pathways, including those related to infections (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2).
  • Development of new analytical tools for multi-source high-throughput data integration.

Main Results:

  • Expanded annotations for normal and disease-associated signaling pathways.
  • Detailed information on drugs targeting these pathways.
  • Enhanced capabilities for analyzing gene expression and mutation data.
  • Improved methods for integrating and contextualizing data from understudied proteins.

Conclusions:

  • Reactome serves as a vital digital archive and analytical tool for biological research.
  • Recent updates enhance the study of infectious diseases and host responses.
  • New tools facilitate deeper insights from complex, multi-source biological datasets.