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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health and Safety
  • Electromagnetic Field Exposure
  • Radiofrequency Radiation

Background:

  • Workplaces utilizing broadcasting, telecommunication, and industrial heating/drying equipment pose risks of high radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) exposure.
  • Understanding occupational RF EMF exposure levels is crucial for identifying areas requiring enhanced safety measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review occupational RF EMF exposure measurements from scientific literature.
  • To identify specific sources of occupational RF EMF exposure.
  • To compare measured exposures against established occupational exposure limits.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic literature search using PubMed and Scopus databases.
  • Collected relevant grey literature through web searches.
  • Extracted highest measured electric field strength, magnetic flux density, or power density from each publication.

Main Results:

  • Maximum occupational RF EMF exposures exceeded limits for dielectric heating, security scanners, radiofrequency identification, plasma devices, and broadcasting/telecommunication transmitters.
  • Exceedances were rare for microwave heating and radar applications.
  • Case studies of occupational accidents with thermal health effects were identified for broadcasting antennas, radar, and microwave ovens, often involving maintenance personnel.

Conclusions:

  • Certain occupational settings present significant risks of exceeding RF EMF exposure limits.
  • Emerging technologies, including fifth-generation telecommunication systems and energy transition applications, necessitate further evaluation of occupational RF EMF exposure.
  • Targeted safety interventions are needed for high-risk occupational environments.