Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bricks01:14

Bricks

171
Bricks, a fundamental building material, are crafted from fired clay and exhibit a range of shapes, sizes, and colors. The production process starts with extracting local clay or shale, which is then crushed, ground, and screened for a fine texture. The refined material is blended with water, creating a pliable mixture that can be formed into bricks using one of three processes: soft mud, dry press, or stiff mud methods.
Soft mud bricks are shaped in molds with high moisture content and can be...
171
Stress-Strain Diagram - Brittle Materials01:24

Stress-Strain Diagram - Brittle Materials

2.9K
Brittle materials, including glass, cast iron, and stone, exhibit unique characteristics. They fracture without considerable change in their elongation rate, indicating that their breaking and ultimate strength are equivalent. Such materials also show lower strain levels at the point of rupture. The failure in brittle materials predominantly results from normal stresses, as evidenced by the rupture created along a surface perpendicular to the applied load. These materials do not display...
2.9K
Efflorescence in Masonry01:25

Efflorescence in Masonry

161
Efflorescence in masonry walls appears as a fluffy crystalline powder, often white, resulting from water-soluble salts within the masonry or mortar. When water penetrates the masonry, it dissolves these salts and brings them to the surface, where they are deposited upon evaporation of water.
While initial efflorescence is common post-construction and can be cleaned with water and a brush, in certain instances, efflorescence can reappear and gradually diminish over time as salts are leached out...
161
Mortar Properties01:17

Mortar Properties

215
Mortar properties encompass a range of characteristics crucial for construction and masonry work, including workability, water retention, bond strength, durability, compressive strength, volume change, and appearance. Workability refers to mortar's ability to be easily applied and manipulated without sagging or falling off surfaces, which is important for efficient masonry unit placement and alignment. Water retention is essential to prevent the mortar from losing moisture too quickly to...
215
Mortar Joint Deterioration in Masonry01:13

Mortar Joint Deterioration in Masonry

175
Mortar joint deterioration is a significant concern in masonry structures, with water accumulation in the joints leading to damage from freeze-thaw cycles. The repeated expansion of water during freezing and its melting during thawing develop and propagate cracks in the masonry joints. Eventually, this leads to the spalling of mortar from the joints, loosening masonry units and weakening the structure. The deteriorated mortar joints are also vulnerable to moisture intrusion into the walls.
The...
175
Soundness of Cement01:17

Soundness of Cement

275
The soundness of cement refers to the ability of cement paste to retain its volume after setting. Unsound cement can lead to expansion and structural damage due to the presence of free lime, magnesia, and calcium sulfate. Free lime hydrates very slowly, expanding and causing unsoundness, which is difficult to detect because it intercrystallizes with other compounds. Magnesia also reacts with water, forming crystals that can disrupt the cement's structure. Calcium sulfate can create...
275

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparing post-acquisition methods for Raman-based mineral identification of particles in yellow earth pigments.

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy·2026
Same author

Bending-fatigue-resistant hierarchical NiTi shape memory alloy.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Structural analysis of co-sputtered Cu-Nb and Cu-Pd textured thin films.

Journal of applied crystallography·2026
Same author

High-Performance Supercapacitors with Femtosecond-Laser-Nanostructured Current Collectors.

ACS applied engineering materials·2025
Same author

Amorphization of laser-fabricated ignoble high-entropy alloy nanoparticles and its impact on surface composition and electrochemistry.

Faraday discussions·2025
Same author

Crystalline and amorphous structure selectivity of ignoble high-entropy alloy nanoparticles during laser ablation in organic liquids is set by pulse duration.

Beilstein journal of nanotechnology·2025
Same journal

Retraction Note: NSD2 targeting reverses plasticity and drug resistance in prostate cancer.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Enhanced B cell priming induces broadly neutralizing HIV-1 apex antibodies.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Vaccination elicits HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies in primates.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Child online safety needs more than social-media bans.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Ebola preparedness must start with ecosystems and before humans show symptoms.

Nature·2026
Same journal

AI tools can speed up thinking, but evidence still comes from the lab bench.

Nature·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Fused Filament Fabrication FFF of Metal-Ceramic Components
08:43

Fused Filament Fabrication FFF of Metal-Ceramic Components

Published on: January 11, 2019

17.5K

Exploding and weeping ceramics.

Hanlin Gu1, Jascha Rohmer2, Justin Jetter3

  • 1Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. guxxx369@umn.edu.

Nature
|November 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tuning crystal lattice parameters for phase transformations can unexpectedly lead to material disintegration. Optimizing for

More Related Videos

Multi-material Ceramic-Based Components – Additive Manufacturing of Black-and-white Zirconia Components by Thermoplastic 3D-Printing (CerAM - T3DP)
08:29

Multi-material Ceramic-Based Components – Additive Manufacturing of Black-and-white Zirconia Components by Thermoplastic 3D-Printing (CerAM - T3DP)

Published on: January 7, 2019

11.5K
Customizing a Cryolite Glass Prosthetic Eye
08:04

Customizing a Cryolite Glass Prosthetic Eye

Published on: October 31, 2019

10.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Fused Filament Fabrication FFF of Metal-Ceramic Components
08:43

Fused Filament Fabrication FFF of Metal-Ceramic Components

Published on: January 11, 2019

17.5K
Multi-material Ceramic-Based Components – Additive Manufacturing of Black-and-white Zirconia Components by Thermoplastic 3D-Printing (CerAM - T3DP)
08:29

Multi-material Ceramic-Based Components – Additive Manufacturing of Black-and-white Zirconia Components by Thermoplastic 3D-Printing (CerAM - T3DP)

Published on: January 7, 2019

11.5K
Customizing a Cryolite Glass Prosthetic Eye
08:04

Customizing a Cryolite Glass Prosthetic Eye

Published on: October 31, 2019

10.9K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Systematic tuning of crystal lattice parameters enhances kinematic compatibility.
  • Kinematic compatibility improves reversibility and lowers hysteresis in solid-solid phase transformations.
  • Achieving optimal phase fitting is crucial for material stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the paradoxical effect of near-perfect kinematic compatibility on phase transformation irreversibility.
  • To explore the relationship between lattice parameter tuning and material behavior during phase transitions.
  • To demonstrate diverse material responses, from reversible to explosive disintegration, within a single ceramic system.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic tuning of crystal lattice parameters in (Zr/Hf)O2(YNb)O4.
  • Inducing tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation via cooling.
  • Observing material behavior, including weeping and disintegration, under varying compatibility conditions.
  • Comparing outcomes with materials tuned for 'equidistance' conditions.

Main Results:

  • Near-perfect kinematic compatibility led to significant irreversibility and material disintegration ('weeping' or explosive failure).
  • Tuning for 'equidistance' conditions (including sample shape) resulted in reversible behavior with low hysteresis.
  • A chemically homogeneous ceramic system exhibited a wide spectrum of behaviors based on compatibility tuning.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing kinematic compatibility can lead to unexpected and detrimental material instability.
  • The 'equidistance' condition offers a pathway to reversible phase transformations.
  • These findings are critical for developing advanced materials like shape-memory oxide ceramics.