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Optimal First-Line Antibiotic Treatment for Pediatric Complicated Appendicitis Based on Peritoneal Fluid Culture
Tsubasa Aiyoshi1, Kouji Masumoto1, Nao Tanaka1
1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
Tazobactam/piperacillin or meropenem effectively treats pediatric complicated appendicitis. Amikacin is recommended over gentamicin for aminoglycoside therapy in these cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric surgery
- Infectious diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Optimal antibiotic selection for pediatric complicated appendicitis remains debated.
- Peritoneal fluid cultures guide targeted antimicrobial therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the most effective first-line antibiotic treatment for pediatric complicated appendicitis.
- To inform treatment guidelines based on bacterial susceptibility patterns.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of pediatric appendectomy cases (2013-2019).
- Bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing of peritoneal fluid specimens.
Main Results:
- Common pathogens included *Escherichia coli*, *Bacteroides fragilis*, and *Streptococcus* species.
- Tazobactam/piperacillin and meropenem demonstrated high efficacy (96.9-100%) against major bacteria.
- Amikacin showed superior susceptibility for *E. coli* and *P. aeruginosa* compared to gentamicin.
Conclusions:
- Tazobactam/piperacillin or meropenem are suitable first-line agents for pediatric complicated appendicitis.
- Amikacin is the preferred aminoglycoside for empirical or targeted therapy.
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