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Diet-Derived Antioxidants Do Not Decrease Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study in 1 Million

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetically influenced antioxidant levels, including vitamins E and C, lycopene, and carotenoids, were not causally linked to a reduced risk of ischemic stroke in a large Mendelian randomization study. Antioxidant supplements are unlikely to prevent stroke.

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antioxidantscardiovascular diseasedietischemic strokeoxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Stroke Research

Background:

  • Observational studies suggest associations between dietary antioxidants (vitamins E, C, lycopene, carotenoids) and reduced ischemic stroke risk.
  • Causality remains unproven due to limitations of observational data.
  • Mendelian randomization (MR) can investigate causal links using genetic variants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if genetically influenced blood levels of antioxidants causally impact ischemic stroke risk.
  • To assess the potential benefit of antioxidant supplementation for stroke prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Mendelian randomization with genetic instrumental variables for circulating antioxidants (vitamins E, C, lycopene, beta-carotene, retinol).
  • Analyzed data from three large European-ancestry cohorts (MEGASTROKE, UK Biobank, FinnGen) comprising over 1 million individuals.
  • Employed inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphism-stroke associations.

Main Results:

  • No genetically determined antioxidant levels (absolute or metabolite) showed a causal association with reduced ischemic stroke risk.
  • Odds ratios for absolute antioxidant levels ranged from 0.94 (vitamin C) to 1.04 (lycopene).
  • Odds ratios for metabolite concentrations ranged from 1.01 (retinol) to 1.12 (vitamin E).

Conclusions:

  • This MR study found no evidence that higher circulating antioxidant levels causally reduce ischemic stroke risk.
  • Findings suggest that antioxidant supplements aimed at increasing blood levels are unlikely to be clinically beneficial for preventing ischemic stroke.