Cross-Linking Mass Spectrometry for Investigating Protein Conformations and Protein-Protein Interactions─A Method for
Lolita Piersimoni1,2, Panagiotis L Kastritis3,4,5, Christian Arlt1,2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Bioanalytics, Institute of Pharmacy, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Abstract:
Mass spectrometry (MS) has become one of the key technologies of structural biology. In this review, the contributions of chemical cross-linking combined with mass spectrometry (XL-MS) for studying three-dimensional structures of proteins and for investigating protein-protein interactions are outlined. We summarize the most important cross-linking reagents, software tools, and XL-MS workflows and highlight prominent examples for characterizing proteins, their assemblies, and interaction networks in vitro and in vivo. Computational modeling plays a crucial role in deriving 3D-structural information from XL-MS data. Integrating XL-MS with other techniques of structural biology, such as cryo-electron microscopy, has been successful in addressing biological questions that to date could not be answered. XL-MS is therefore expected to play an increasingly important role in structural biology in the future.
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