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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

Autoimmune Meningitis and Encephalitis.

Megan B Richie¹

¹Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, Box 0114, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.

Neurologic Clinics

|November 20, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Meningitis and encephalitis involve brain inflammation. Differentiating between autoimmune, infectious, or neoplastic causes requires careful evaluation of clinical factors and diagnostic tests like cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis.

Keywords:

Autoimmune encephalitis Autoimmune meningitis Limbic encephalitis Paraneoplastic disorder

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Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

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Published on: September 9, 2022

Author Spotlight: Adjuvant Activity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Autoantigens During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Author Spotlight: Adjuvant Activity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Autoantigens During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

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Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice

Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice

Published on: October 13, 2023

Area of Science:

Neurology
Immunology
Pathology

Background:

Meningitis and encephalitis are inflammatory conditions affecting the meninges and brain parenchyma.
Diagnosis relies on identifying inflammation via tissue pathology or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis.
Differential diagnosis must consider autoimmune, infectious, and neoplastic etiologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the diagnostic approach for undifferentiated meningitis and encephalitis.
To emphasize the importance of considering autoimmune causes early in the diagnostic process.

Main Methods:

Clinical evaluation integrating patient risk factors and clinical syndrome.
Diagnostic workup including CSF analysis and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
Assessment for specific neural autoantibodies when autoimmune etiology is suspected.

Main Results:

Simultaneous consideration of multiple potential causes is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
CSF analysis and MRI findings aid in narrowing the differential diagnosis.
Identifying specific neural autoantibodies is a key step if an autoimmune cause is suspected.

Conclusions:

A systematic approach is necessary for diagnosing meningitis and encephalitis.
Early consideration of autoimmune causes and targeted autoantibody testing can improve patient outcomes.