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Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

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Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Upper-extremity Approach for Secondary Access in Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Upper-extremity Approach for Secondary Access in Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Published on: August 8, 2025

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR): Recent updates.

Marisa Avvedimento¹, Gilbert H L Tang²

¹Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases

|November 20, 2021

Summary

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has transformed aortic stenosis care, showing favorable outcomes versus surgery in lower-risk patients. Ongoing research addresses long-term durability and complications for wider TAVR application.

Keywords:

Aortic stenosis Surgical aortic valve replacement TAVR Transcatheter aortic valve replacement

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Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Medicine
Interventional Cardiology

Background:

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has significantly advanced aortic stenosis (AS) management over the past 20 years.
Improvements in valve technology, imaging, and procedural techniques have enhanced TAVR safety and efficacy.
Current guidelines support TAVR for lower-risk patients, challenging traditional surgical approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

To review updated clinical guidelines and trial data on TAVR for symptomatic severe AS.
To highlight emerging issues and novel strategies for TAVR, particularly in younger, lower-risk populations.
To discuss long-term outcomes, valve durability, and complication reduction in TAVR.

Main Methods:

Review of recent clinical guidelines, including the 2020 AHA/ACC recommendations.
Analysis of data from clinical trials and patient registries evaluating TAVR outcomes.
Synthesis of current evidence on TAVR safety, efficacy, and long-term performance.

Main Results:

TAVR demonstrates favorable outcomes compared to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in lower-risk patient groups.
Technological advancements have led to reduced procedural complications and improved safety profiles.
Key areas for future research include long-term bioprosthetic valve durability and management of post-TAVR complications.

Conclusions:

TAVR is a transformative therapy for severe aortic stenosis, expanding to lower-risk populations.
Addressing long-term durability, valve performance, and potential complications is crucial for future TAVR expansion.
Continued research and technical refinement are essential to optimize TAVR outcomes and patient management.