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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Ex Vivo Organotypic Corneal Model of Acute Epithelial Herpes Simplex Virus Type I Infection
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Herpes Simplex Virus 2 Blepharokeratoconjunctivitis.

Sanya Yadav1, Patrick Commiskey1,2, Regis P Kowalski1,2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Current Eye Research
|November 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) blepharokeratoconjunctivitis is rare, often presenting with pain and blurred vision. Recurrences were common, even with antiviral treatment, leading to potential vision loss.

Keywords:
Viral keratitisblepharokerato conjunctivitisherpes simplex virusherpes simplex virus-2

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a common viral infection.
  • Ocular involvement, such as blepharokeratoconjunctivitis, can occur but is less frequently documented for HSV-2 compared to HSV-1.
  • Understanding the clinical presentation and outcomes of HSV-2 blepharokeratoconjunctivitis is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively review the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) blepharokeratoconjunctivitis.
  • To identify associated conditions, presenting symptoms, and complications in these patients.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of antiviral treatment and the rate of recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of laboratory-proven cases of HSV-2 blepharokeratoconjunctivitis between 1995 and 2021.
  • Analysis of patient data including demographics, associated conditions, clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes.
  • Assessment of visual acuity and corneal complications at the last follow-up.

Main Results:

  • HSV-2 blepharokeratoconjunctivitis was identified in 1.4% of reviewed cases (10 of 725).
  • Common symptoms included pain and blurred vision (55.5%). Associated conditions included neonatal herpes, severe atopy, genital herpes, and systemic immune disorders.
  • Recurrence was observed in 44.5% of patients despite antiviral prophylaxis, with corneal complications like scarring and neovascularization noted. Visual acuity of 20/40 or worse was reported in 44.5% of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Herpes simplex virus type 2 is an uncommon cause of blepharokeratoconjunctivitis.
  • Typical signs like dendritic lesions and reduced corneal sensation were infrequently observed.
  • Recurrence of HSV-2 blepharokeratoconjunctivitis is a significant concern, even with prophylactic antiviral therapy, highlighting the need for vigilant monitoring and management.