Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Colonisation of Pathogens01:25

Colonisation of Pathogens

Pathogen colonization of host tissues is a critical step in the development of infectious diseases. Various pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, have evolved complex strategies to attach to, invade, and persist within host environments. These mechanisms enable pathogens to establish infections, evade immune responses, and resist antimicrobial treatments.Attachment to Host CellsIn bacteria, colonization typically begins with adherence to host epithelial...
Regulation of Bacterial Virulence01:28

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence

Pathogenic bacteria employ a range of regulatory mechanisms to modulate the expression of virulence genes in response to environmental and host-derived signals. These mechanisms ensure that virulence factors are expressed only under favorable conditions, thereby optimizing infection and survival strategies.Mechanisms of Virulence RegulationKey regulatory strategies include:Two-Component Systems: These consist of a membrane-bound sensor kinase and a cytoplasmic response regulator. Environmental...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.

Antiviral therapy·2002
Same author

Role of clinical microbiology laboratories in the management and control of infectious diseases and the delivery of health care.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2001
Same author

Perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by pregnant women with RNA virus loads <1000 copies/ml.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2001
Same author

Perinatal transmission--successful interventions. Where do we go from here?

International journal of STD & AIDS·1999
Same author

When children harbor HIV.

Scientific American·1998
Same author

Evaluation of surrogate markers and clinical outcomes in two-year follow-up of eighty-six human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric patients.

The Pediatric infectious disease journal·1998

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Non-Invasive Model of Neuropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in the Neonatal Rat
08:27

Non-Invasive Model of Neuropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in the Neonatal Rat

Published on: October 29, 2014

E. coli meningitis: K1 antigen and virulence.

C M Wilfert

    Annual Review of Medicine
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Bacterial meningitis in newborns is a serious threat, often caused by E. coli. Research is exploring antibody generation to protect infants from invasive E. coli infections.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal infectious diseases
    • Bacteriology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Bacterial infections pose a significant threat to newborn infants.
    • Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most common Gram-negative organism causing neonatal meningitis.
    • The K1 polysaccharide antigen of E. coli is correlated with its invasive capacity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate strategies for preventing invasive bacterial infections in neonates.
    • To explore the potential of antibody-mediated protection against neonatal meningitis.

    Main Methods:

    • Ongoing studies focus on supportive care and antimicrobial therapy for neonatal infections.
    • Research is investigating the generation of protective antibodies.

    More Related Videos

    Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery
    10:03

    Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery

    Published on: November 5, 2019

    Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing
    09:44

    Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing

    Published on: December 23, 2022

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 11, 2026

    Non-Invasive Model of Neuropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in the Neonatal Rat
    08:27

    Non-Invasive Model of Neuropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in the Neonatal Rat

    Published on: October 29, 2014

    Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery
    10:03

    Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery

    Published on: November 5, 2019

    Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing
    09:44

    Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing

    Published on: December 23, 2022

    Main Results:

    • The invasive capacity of E. coli in neonates is linked to its K1 antigen.
    • Antibody generation is being explored as a theoretical preventative measure.

    Conclusions:

    • Preventing invasive E. coli meningitis in newborns is a critical area of research.
    • Conferring maternal antibody positivity could potentially protect infants from invasive disease.