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Suspected Case of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection Presenting as

Rebecca Goldstein1, Diana Kogan1, Theresa M Fiorito2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics.

Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice (Baltimore, Md.)
|November 22, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) can cause pancreatitis. This case highlights MIS-C as a rare cause of acute pancreatitis in a child with leukemia.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatric Hematology-Oncology

Background:

  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but serious condition associated with SARS-CoV-2.
  • Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in MIS-C, but necrotizing pancreatitis is an infrequent manifestation.

Observation:

  • An 11-year-old boy with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission presented with acute necrotizing pancreatitis.
  • The patient exhibited fever, respiratory distress, cytopenias, coagulopathy, and elevated inflammatory markers.
  • SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were positive, meeting criteria for MIS-C.

Findings:

  • This case represents the first report of MIS-C presenting as acute pancreatitis in a child with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
  • Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin led to significant clinical improvement.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider MIS-C in the differential diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in children, especially during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
  • Early recognition and management of MIS-C are crucial for favorable outcomes in pediatric patients with hematologic malignancies.

Keywords:
B-ALLMIS-CSARS-CoV-2pancreatitis

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