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Published on: January 5, 2018
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Defending the substance view against its critics.
1Department of Philosophy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Summary
The substance view of persons, despite criticisms, effectively supports widely shared intuitions about identity and moral equality. This philosophical account is as plausible as the psychological view when considering a broader range of human nature considerations.
Area of Science:
- Philosophy of Mind
- Personal Identity
- Bioethics
Background:
- The substance view of persons faces criticism for its implications in cases like embryo rescue and loss.
- Competing accounts, such as the psychological view, struggle to reconcile with certain widely held intuitions.
- Existing debates often overlook the strengths of the substance view in supporting common moral and identity intuitions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To re-evaluate the substance view of persons by examining a wider range of common intuitions.
- To compare the explanatory power of the substance view against the psychological view.
- To determine the overall plausibility of the substance view as an account of human nature.
Main Methods:
- Philosophical analysis of core concepts related to personal identity.
- Examination of intuitions concerning human exceptionalism, moral equality, and prenatal issues.
- Comparative evaluation of the substance view and the psychological view using thought experiments.
Main Results:
- Criticisms of the substance view have overshadowed its successes in supporting shared intuitions.
- The substance view aligns well with intuitions about identity, human exceptionalism, and the moral equality of individuals at different life stages.
- The psychological view faces challenges in accounting for these same intuitions.
Conclusions:
- The substance view of persons offers a robust framework for understanding human nature.
- When considering a broader set of intuitions, the substance view is as plausible as the dominant psychological view.
- This re-evaluation suggests a stronger case for the substance view in personal identity and bioethical discussions.
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