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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation

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Published on: March 2, 2021

Solar cell BRDF measurement and modeling with out-of-plane data.

Todd V Small, Samuel D Butler, Michael A Marciniak

|November 23, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study measured the Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) of a solar cell using a complete angle scatter instrument (CASI). The developed model accurately described specular peaks and diffraction patterns, crucial for small satellite applications.

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Concurrent Quantitative Conductivity and Mechanical Properties Measurements of Organic Photovoltaic Materials using AFM

Concurrent Quantitative Conductivity and Mechanical Properties Measurements of Organic Photovoltaic Materials using AFM

Published on: January 23, 2013

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Materials Science
Aerospace Engineering

Background:

Accurate characterization of solar cell optical properties is vital for space applications.
Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) is a key parameter for understanding light scattering.
Small satellite solar cells require precise optical modeling for performance prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

To measure and model the BRDF of a small satellite solar cell.
To develop a unified BRDF model incorporating specular peaks and diffraction patterns.
To validate the model against experimental measurements.

Main Methods:

Utilized a CCD-augmented complete angle scatter instrument (CASI) with a visible red laser.
Measured in-plane and out-of-plane BRDF data with high angular resolution.
Developed a closed-form BRDF model combining microfacet theory and Fraunhofer diffraction.

Main Results:

Observed three distinct scatter features: central specular peak, offset specular peak, and diffraction pattern.
Successfully modeled both specular peaks using microfacet formulation with surface normal rotation.
Described the diffraction pattern using adjusted Fraunhofer diffraction, achieving qualitative agreement and quantitative results within an order of magnitude.

Conclusions:

The developed BRDF model effectively captures the complex scattering behavior of small satellite solar cells.
The model's ability to describe both specular and diffractive components is significant for optical design.
Manual parameter selection based on physical properties provides a robust approach for BRDF modeling.