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[Analysis on all-cause mortality rate and life expectancy in China, 2005-2018]
1National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi
|November 24, 2021
Summary
China
Area of Science:
- Demography
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Understanding geographical variations and temporal trends in mortality and life expectancy is crucial for public health policy.
- China's demographic landscape has undergone significant changes, necessitating analysis of mortality rates and life expectancy.
- Previous studies may not fully capture the nuances of subnational variations and the drivers of mortality trends.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze geographical disparities and temporal trends of all-cause mortality rate and life expectancy in China from 2005 to 2018.
- To identify the key factors contributing to changes in national and subnational death counts.
- To provide insights into regional differences in health outcomes and longevity across Chinese provinces.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the National Cause-of-death Reporting System and other national health surveillance systems (2005-2018).
- Estimated all-cause mortality rates and life expectancy at national and subnational levels.
- Decomposed changes in deaths into components: age-specific mortality rate, population structure by age, and population growth.
Main Results:
- In 2018, China's life expectancy was 77.15 years, with higher levels in developed regions (e.g., Shanghai, Beijing) and lower levels in less developed areas (e.g., Tibet, Guizhou).
- Between 2005 and 2018, total deaths increased nationally by 29.87%, driven primarily by population growth (58.28%) and influenced by age structure changes (7.34%).
- The all-cause mortality rate increased, but the age-standardized mortality rate decreased substantially, indicating improvements in underlying mortality risks.
Conclusions:
- Despite an increase in the crude all-cause mortality rate, China has seen a significant decrease in age-standardized mortality from 2005 to 2018.
- Population structure changes were the dominant factor influencing the increase in total deaths.
- Life expectancy showed an upward trend across all provinces, but significant regional disparities persist.
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