[Analysis of the disease burden of Burkitt lymphoma in China from 1990 to 2021]

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the disease burden and trends of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in China between 1990 and 2021. Methods: Based on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study data, stratified by age, sex, and region, the disease burden was analyzed by BL incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY). Regression analysis was conducted with joinpoint software to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of age-standardized rates to analyze the changing trends and compare them with global data. Results: In 2021, a total of 1,322 new BL cases were reported in China, with an age-standardized incidence rate of 0.08/100,000. Of these patients, 241 died, with an age-standardized mortality rate of 0.01/100,000. DALY was 9,516 person-years, with an age-standardized DALY rate of 0.68/100,000. The disease burden of BL demonstrated significant differences across various age and sex groups. The highest BL disease burden was observed in the age group over 80 years old, with an incidence of 0.60/100,000, mortality of 0.11/100,000, and DALY rates of 1.59/100,000. BL disease burden was higher in males than in females, with age-standardized incidence rates of 0.11/100,000 and 0.05/100,000, age-standardized mortality rates of 0.02/100,000 and 0.01/100,000, and age-standardized DALY rates of 0.92/100,000 and 0.43/100,000, respectively. Significant regional differences were observed in BL disease burden. The highest-ranked age-standardized DALY rates were reported in Shanghai [1.78 (95% CI: 0.16-3.63) /100,000], Tibet Autonomous Region [1.15 (95% CI: 0.41-2.23) /100,000] and Qinghai Province[1.06 (95% CI: 0.49-1.87) /100,000], whereas the lowest-ranked were observed in Macao Special Administrative Region [0.32 (95% CI: 0.07-0.57) /100,000], Chongqing [0.36 (95% CI: 0.14-0.72) /100,000] and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region [0.48 (95% CI: 0.25-0.92) /100,000]. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized incidence rate of BL increased by 187.12%, whereas the age-standardized mortality rate and age-standardized DALY rate decreased by 37.72% and 52.70%, respectively. The AAPCs were 3.49%, -1.46%, and -2.40%, respectively. Conclusions: The disease burden of BL in China has been alleviated to a certain extent; however, significant differences were observed among different ages, genders, and regions. Comprehensive prevention and control strategies should be formulated according to local conditions for different populations to further reduce the disease burden.