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Related Concept Videos

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

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Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...
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Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:23

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology01:29

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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) involves the recurrent backflow of the stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential esophageal mucosal damage. Although GERD is often referred to as a disease, it is more accurately described as a syndrome, as it encompasses a range of symptoms and complications rather than a singular pathological entity, impacting a large number of individuals as the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal problem. Roughly...
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Other Disorders of Digestive System01:30

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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
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Emphysematous gastritis.

Ryosuke Takase1,2, Naoko Fukuda2, Osamu Sui3

  • 1Department of General Medicine Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan.

Clinical Case Reports
|November 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emphysematous gastritis, a rare condition, can present with sudden abdominal pain in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prompt treatment with proton-pump inhibitors and antibiotics is crucial for recovery.

Keywords:
emphysematous gastritisphlegmonous gastritisportal venous gas

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Emphysematous gastritis is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by gas within the gastric wall.
  • Elderly patients, particularly those with comorbidities like type 2 diabetes mellitus, may be at increased risk.
  • Sudden onset abdominal pain is a key presenting symptom requiring prompt diagnostic evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of emphysematous gastritis in an elderly patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • To highlight the diagnostic findings on abdominal computed tomography (CT).
  • To discuss the management of this rare gastric condition.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of an 89-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus presenting with acute abdominal pain.
  • Diagnostic imaging using abdominal computed tomography (CT) to evaluate gastric wall abnormalities.
  • Clinical management involving pharmacotherapy.

Main Results:

  • Abdominal CT revealed characteristic findings of gastric wall thickening and intramural gas in the gastric hilum.
  • The findings were consistent with a diagnosis of emphysematous gastritis.
  • The patient was successfully treated with a proton-pump inhibitor and broad-spectrum antibacterial agents.

Conclusions:

  • Emphysematous gastritis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in elderly patients with diabetes.
  • Abdominal CT is an effective imaging modality for diagnosing emphysematous gastritis.
  • Medical management with acid suppression and antibiotics can lead to favorable outcomes.