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Natural disasters and missing children.

Sundar Ponnusamy¹

¹School of Economics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Health Economics

|November 25, 2021

Summary

Natural disasters significantly increase child mortality, especially in poorer nations. This impact persists long-term, linked to reduced GDP, lower vaccination rates, and increased disease incidence.

Area of Science:

Environmental Health
Global Health
Development Economics

Background:

Natural disasters pose significant threats to global public health.
Child mortality remains a critical indicator of socioeconomic development and health system resilience.
Understanding the specific impacts of natural disasters on vulnerable populations is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the impact of natural disasters, using an exogenous measure of physical intensity, on child mortality.
To investigate the long-term effects of natural disasters on child survival rates.
To explore the underlying mechanisms linking natural disasters to increased child mortality in low-income countries.

Main Methods:

Utilized an exogenous measure of natural disasters based on physical intensity.

Keywords:

child mortality environmental costs natural disasters

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Employed statistical analysis to determine the relationship between disaster intensity and child mortality rates.

Examined potential mediating factors including GDP, vaccination rates, maternal mortality, and disease incidence.

Main Results:

A one standard deviation increase in the natural disaster index resulted in an additional 6.77 deaths per 1000 live births in the disaster year.
The adverse effects on child mortality were found to be long-lasting, extending beyond the year of the disaster.
Evidence suggests lower GDP, reduced vaccination rates, increased maternal mortality, and higher disease incidence as key mechanisms in low-income countries.

Conclusions:

Natural disasters have a profound and lasting negative impact on child mortality, disproportionately affecting children in poorer countries.
The study highlights the importance of considering exogenous measures of disaster intensity for accurate impact assessment.
Policy interventions should focus on strengthening health systems, economic resilience, and vaccination programs in disaster-prone low-income regions.