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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • The gut microbiome's role in animal cognition is largely unknown.
  • Individual cognitive variation in natural populations lacks microbiome investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the gut microbiome's impact on bumblebee memory.
  • To identify specific bacteria and metabolites involved in bumblebee cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Metagenomic sequencing of bumblebee hindgut microbiomes.
  • Behavioral assays for visual discrimination memory.
  • Bacterial supplementation experiments (Lactobacillus apis).
  • Metabolomic analysis of hemolymph.

Main Results:

  • A positive correlation was found between Lactobacillus Firm-5 abundance and memory retention.
  • Supplementation with Lactobacillus apis, but not other bacteria, improved bee memory.
  • L. apis supplementation increased hemolymph LPA (14:0) glycerophospholipid.
  • Oral administration of LPA significantly enhanced long-term memory.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiome, specifically Lactobacillus Firm-5, influences bumblebee memory.
  • A molecular pathway involving LPA glycerophospholipid mediates gut-brain interaction in bumblebees.
  • Findings offer insights into the proximate and ultimate causes of cognitive differences in natural populations.