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Genome-editing in millets: current knowledge and future perspectives.

Antony Ceasar1

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|November 26, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genome editing offers a powerful way to improve nutrient-rich millets for climate resilience. Further research is needed to unlock the full potential of these vital crops.

Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas9CerealsFoxtail milletFunctional genomicsMilletsPlant transformation

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Genetics
  • Plant Breeding

Background:

  • Millets are nutrient-dense, climate-resilient cereals crucial for food security in semi-arid regions.
  • Millet improvement lags behind major cereals like rice and wheat due to limited application of modern genetic and genomic tools.
  • Genome editing has transformed major crops, but its application in millets remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of genome editing in millets.
  • To discuss the future prospects of employing genome editing for millet improvement.
  • To highlight the potential for understanding nutrient fortification and climate resilience traits in millets.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on genome editing in millets.
  • Analysis of challenges hindering genome editing applications in millets, such as limited genomic resources and transformation systems.
  • Exploration of the potential benefits of genome editing for trait discovery and crop improvement.

Main Results:

  • Genome editing has been successfully applied to major cereals but is limited to foxtail millet in millets.
  • Challenges like insufficient genomic resources and inefficient transformation systems impede genome editing progress in most millets.
  • Foxtail millet is the only species where genome editing has been utilized.

Conclusions:

  • Genome editing holds significant promise for understanding and enhancing key traits in millets, including nutrient content and climate resilience.
  • Overcoming current limitations in genomic resources and transformation systems is crucial for advancing genome editing in millets.
  • Future high-resolution studies using genome editing can facilitate the transfer of valuable millet traits to major cereal crops.