IUGR with catch-up growth programs impaired insulin sensitivity through LRP6/IRS-1 in male rats

Intrauterine growth restriction combined with postnatal accelerated growth (CG-IUGR) could lead to long-term detrimental metabolic outcomes characterized by insulin resistance. As an indispensable co-receptor of Wnt signaling, LRP6 plays a critical role in the susceptibility of metabolic disorders. However, whether LRP6 is involved in the metabolic programing is still unknown. We hypothesized that CG-IUGR programed impaired insulin sensitivity through the impaired LRP6-mediated Wnt signaling in skeletal muscle. A CG-IUGR rat model was employed. The transcriptional and translational alterations of the components of the Wnt and the insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle of the male CG-IUGR rats were determined. The role of LRP6 on the insulin signaling was evaluated by shRNA knockdown or Wnt3a stimulation of LRP6. Compared with controls, the male CG-IUGR rats showed an insulin-resistant phenotype, with impaired insulin signaling and decreased expression of LRP6/β-catenin in skeletal muscle. LRP6 knockdown led to reduced expression of the IR-β/IRS-1 in C2C12 cell line, while Wnt3a-mediated LRP6 expression increased the expression of IRS-1 and IGF-1R but not IR-β in the primary muscle cells of male CG-IUGR rats. The impaired LRP6/β-catenin/IGF-1R/IRS-1 signaling is probably one of the critical mechanisms underlying the programed impaired insulin sensitivity in male CG-IUGR.