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Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

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Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
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Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
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Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
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Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?

Alexandra Maria Burlui1, Anca Cardoneanu1, Luana Andreea Macovei1

  • 1Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.

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Summary

Systemic sclerosis patients often have poor nutrition due to inflammation and disease progression. Personalized nutritional counseling is recommended to manage malnutrition and weight loss in scleroderma.

Keywords:
dietdigestive symptomsdisease activitymalnutritionnutritionpulmonary hypertensionrelative fat masssodiumsystemic sclerosisweight loss

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Systemic Sclerosis Research

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) presents numerous risk factors for nutritional decline, including chronic inflammation and multisystem involvement.
  • Nutritional decline in SSc is often underestimated, with management strategies remaining debated.
  • This study assesses diet and eating habits in SSc patients to understand links to weight loss and malnutrition risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a detailed dietary assessment of Systemic Sclerosis patients.
  • To evaluate eating habits and their relationship with weight loss and malnutrition risk.
  • To identify nutritional challenges in SSc patients without professional counseling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a translated European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Norfolk Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for dietary evaluation.
  • Employed the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) to assess malnutrition risk.
  • Assessed disease activity using the European Scleroderma Trials and Research group Activity Index (EUSTAR-AI).

Main Results:

  • High sodium intake and suboptimal energy consumption were prevalent in the 42 assessed SSc patients.
  • Malnutrition and weight loss correlated significantly with pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, albumin levels, and skin fibrosis extent.
  • Inverse correlation observed between liver transaminases and consumption of nuts and seeds.

Conclusions:

  • There is a need for longitudinal and interventional studies on nutritional impairment in SSc.
  • Scleroderma patients may benefit from tailored nutritional counseling within an interdisciplinary framework.
  • Findings highlight the importance of addressing nutritional status in SSc management.