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Experimental RNAi02:15

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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RNAi Crop Protection Advances.

Alejandro Hernández-Soto1,2, Randall Chacón-Cerdas2

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International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 27, 2021
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RNAi technology offers a safe, eco-friendly approach to crop protection via gene silencing. Encapsulation methods enhance RNAi stability and delivery for controlling agricultural pests and diseases.

Keywords:
RNAibioclaydsRNAencapsulationliposomespolyplex nanoparticlesregulatorysilencingvirus-like particles

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • RNAi technology presents a versatile, safe, and eco-friendly alternative for crop protection.
  • Host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) and spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) are effective methods for controlling agricultural pests and pathogens.
  • SIGS faces challenges in RNAi stability and premature degradation, necessitating advanced delivery systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state and challenges of RNAi technology in agriculture.
  • To explore encapsulation strategies for enhancing RNAi stability and efficacy.
  • To discuss the regulatory landscape and future prospects of RNAi in crop protection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on RNAi applications in agriculture.
  • Analysis of encapsulation techniques including liposomes, virus-like particles, polyplex nanoparticles, and bioclay.
  • Examination of recombinant production, transgenesis, and micro/nanoencapsulation methods.

Main Results:

  • Encapsulation in materials like liposomes and nanoparticles improves RNAi stability and controlled release.
  • Current research predominantly focuses on oral delivery for insect control via gene silencing.
  • RNAi technology demonstrates significant positive economic, environmental, and human health implications for agriculture.

Conclusions:

  • Encapsulation is crucial for overcoming SIGS challenges, improving RNAi delivery and efficacy.
  • Future research directions include combining RNAi with crop resistance induction and optimizing large-scale biotechnological production.
  • RNAi technology holds substantial promise for sustainable agriculture, with ongoing advancements in its application and regulation.