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Morphogenesis

Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.

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Transcriptomic Changes in Internode Explants of Stinging Nettle during Callogenesis.

Xuan Xu1, Sylvain Legay1, Roberto Berni1

  • 1Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Rue Bommel, Hautcharage, L-4940 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

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|November 27, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals key gene activities during stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) callogenesis. Early stages involve cell wall loosening and immune responses, while later stages show an iron deficiency response due to reactive oxygen species.

Keywords:
callogenesisplant growth regulatorsqPCRstinging nettletranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Transcriptomics

Background:

  • Callogenesis is crucial for plant tissue culture, enabling indirect organogenesis and cell suspension cultures.
  • Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) is a valuable multi-purpose plant, yielding fibers and phytochemicals.
  • Understanding nettle callogenesis can advance plant biotechnology and bioprocess engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gene ontologies predominant during stinging nettle callogenesis.
  • To analyze transcriptomic changes in nettle internode explants over 34 days.
  • To elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying early, intermediate, and advanced callogenesis stages.

Main Methods:

  • Callogenesis was induced in stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) internode explants using optimal concentrations of NAA and BAP.
  • RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) was employed to analyze gene expression profiles at 0, 1, 10, and 34 days post-induction.
  • Bioinformatic analysis identified predominant gene ontologies at each time point.

Main Results:

  • Transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct gene ontologies characterizing different callogenesis phases.
  • Early callogenesis (day 1) was dominated by cell wall loosening-related ontologies.
  • Intermediate (day 10) and advanced (day 34) stages showed increased immune response and iron deficiency/ROS-related ontologies, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Callogenesis in stinging nettle involves dynamic shifts in gene expression.
  • Cell wall modifications and immune responses are key in early to intermediate stages.
  • Iron deficiency and reactive oxygen species accumulation characterize advanced callogenesis, impacting cell proliferation.