Soluble PD-L1 in Serum and Urine in Urinary Bladder Cancer Patients

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Biomarker Discovery
• Urothelial Carcinomas

Background:

• Soluble programmed death-ligand 1 (sPD-L1) is a potential cancer biomarker.
• Its role in urinary bladder cancer (BC) diagnosis and prognosis requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of sPD-L1 in serum and urine of BC patients.
• To compare sPD-L1 levels between BC patients and controls with hematuria.

Main Methods:

• Serum and urine samples were collected from 132 BC patients and 51 controls.
• Soluble PD-L1 levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
• Statistical analyses were performed to compare sPD-L1 levels based on disease status.

Main Results:

• Urinary sPD-L1 was significantly higher in BC patients versus controls (p=0.038).
• Serum sPD-L1 showed no significant difference between BC patients and controls (p=0.61).
• Elevated serum sPD-L1 correlated with muscle-invasive and metastatic BC (p<0.05), while urinary sPD-L1 showed a trend towards association with metastatic disease (p=0.05).

Conclusions:

• Serum sPD-L1, but not urinary sPD-L1, shows potential as a prognostic biomarker for bladder cancer.
• Higher serum sPD-L1 levels are associated with advanced disease stages in BC.