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Cardiac Cell Patterning on Customized Microelectrode Arrays for Electrophysiological Recordings.

Jiaying Ji1, Xiang Ren1, Pinar Zorlutuna1

  • 1Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.

Micromachines
|November 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel micropatterning method on microelectrode arrays (MEAs) to control cardiomyocyte and fibroblast networks. This technique allows detailed study of electrical coupling dynamics in cardiac co-cultures, crucial for understanding cardiac diseases.

Keywords:
cardiomyocyteshuman pluripotent stem cellsmicro-patterningmicroelectrode array

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cellular Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Cardiomyocytes (CMs) and fibroblasts are key to cardiac structure and function.
  • Interactions between CMs and fibroblasts can alter cardiac electrophysiology, potentially leading to diseases like arrhythmogenesis.
  • Current microelectrode array (MEA) platforms have limitations in spatially controlled measurements of CM-fibroblast networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a custom MEA device and micropatterning method for controlled co-culture of cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts.
  • To investigate the electrical coupling dynamics between cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts in a spatially defined network.
  • To monitor the electrophysiological impact of fibroblast-mediated connections on cardiomyocyte networks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized surface topographical features and mobile blockers for controlled initial cell attachment.
  • Created separate beating cardiomyocyte-fibroblast clusters with connecting fibroblast growth zones.
  • Employed a custom MEA device to record extracellular field potentials and impedance profiles.

Main Results:

  • Successfully constructed spatially controlled networks of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (rCMs) and fibroblasts.
  • Demonstrated that proliferating fibroblasts connect and couple physically separate cardiomyocyte clusters.
  • Observed RC-type coupling and synchronization of cardiomyocyte clusters mediated by fibroblast bridges.

Conclusions:

  • The novel micropatterning method enables precise control over cardiac cell network formation and electrical coupling.
  • Fibroblast-mediated connections can synchronize spatially separated cardiomyocyte clusters.
  • This platform advances the study of cardiac electrophysiology and cell-cell interactions in disease modeling.