Factors Influencing Vaccine Hesitancy in China: A Qualitative Study

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Social Science
• Health Communication

Background:

• Vaccine hesitancy presents a significant global public health challenge.
• Understanding the specific drivers of vaccine hesitancy in diverse populations is crucial for effective intervention.
• Chinese residents' perspectives on vaccination are influenced by socioeconomic factors and information access.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify key factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy among Chinese residents.
• To analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status and vaccine attitudes.
• To propose evidence-based promotional strategies to mitigate vaccine hesitancy in China.

Main Methods:

• A qualitative study employing semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with 92 residents across 10 Chinese provinces.
• Interviews followed a predetermined survey framework to ensure consistency.
• Data analysis focused on identifying recurring themes and influential factors.

Main Results:

• Primary factors influencing vaccine hesitancy include trust in vaccine safety, access to professional medical advice, and concerns regarding vaccine price and effectiveness.
• Higher per capita GDP correlates with increased social support for vaccination, greater attention to vaccine safety and clinical trial data, and a preference for seeking advice from peers with vaccination experience.
• Increased per capita GDP also heightened concerns about vaccine pricing.

Conclusions:

• Addressing vaccine hesitancy requires multifaceted strategies focusing on clear communication of vaccine safety and efficacy.
• Reducing out-of-pocket costs for vaccines, particularly for vulnerable populations, is essential.
• Leveraging healthcare professionals and digital platforms can enhance vaccine promotion and public trust.