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Allergy and COVID-19.

Maria De Filippo1, Martina Votto2, Ilaria Brambilla3

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This review examines the connection between allergic diseases and severe COVID-19 outcomes. It summarizes current research on how allergies impact the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 in adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in late 2019, leading to a global pandemic.
  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presented with higher mortality in adults compared to children.
  • Allergic diseases, marked by a type-2 immune response, were identified as a potential risk factor for severe COVID-19.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current knowledge on the relationship between COVID-19 and allergic diseases.
  • To explore the impact of allergic conditions on COVID-19 severity.
  • To consolidate clinical data and expert opinions regarding COVID-19 and allergy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical data.
  • Analysis of expert opinions and published research.
  • Synthesis of information on COVID-19 and allergic disease interactions.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 severity varies significantly between adult and pediatric populations.
  • Type-2 polarized immune responses in allergic diseases may influence COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Extensive data has been gathered on the pandemic's impact on individuals with allergies.

Conclusions:

  • Allergic diseases represent a significant area of interest in understanding COVID-19 severity.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay between allergies and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • This review provides a consolidated overview of the current understanding of COVID-19 and allergy.