Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 2, 2026
08:07
A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle
Published on: January 11, 2018
8.5K
Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia With Active Bony Overgrowth: A Case Report
Hassan A Alsayegh1, Zahraa A Alsubaie1, Abdullah R Alwayil2
1Department of Radiology, King Fahad Hospital, Hofuf, SAU.
Cureus
|December 1, 2021
Summary
Condylar hyperplasia (CH) is a temporomandibular joint disorder causing facial asymmetry due to mandibular condyle overgrowth. This case highlights diagnosis and management of unilateral CH with active bony overgrowth.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Orthodontics
- Radiology
Background:
- Condylar hyperplasia (CH) is a temporomandibular joint disorder characterized by mandibular condyle overgrowth.
- It often leads to progressive facial asymmetry and functional issues, with idiopathic causes being most common.
- Accurate diagnosis relies on integrating clinical, histopathological, and radiological data.
Observation:
- A 36-year-old female patient presented with progressive facial asymmetry.
- Clinical examination and diagnostic imaging indicated unilateral condylar hyperplasia.
- The condition was characterized by active bony overgrowth of the mandibular condyle.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with unilateral condylar hyperplasia.
- Active bony overgrowth of the mandibular condyle was confirmed.
- Diagnostic algorithms for CH were considered in the case evaluation.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosing and managing condylar hyperplasia.
- Understanding the growth activity of the mandibular condyle is crucial for determining appropriate treatment strategies.
- Effective management can improve facial symmetry and restore temporomandibular joint function.
Related Concept Videos
01:40Bone Remodeling
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
01:27Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue
Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
01:29Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification
Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
01:15Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna
The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...
01:31Bone Remodeling and Repair
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
01:24Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification
Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...